Metabolomic analysis of SMP30/GNL knockout mice treated with fermented vegetable and fruit extract (OM-X®)

Authors

  • Koji Wakame Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University of Science, 15-4-1, Maeda 7-jo
  • Muneaki Takahata BIOBANK Co., Ltd., 388-1, Hirata, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0952, Japan
  • Yasuyoshi Miyake BIOBANK Co., Ltd., 388-1, Hirata, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0952, Japan
  • Eri Yasuda BIOBANK Co., Ltd., 388-1, Hirata, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0952, Japan
  • Yoshie Shimomiya BIOBANK Co., Ltd., 388-1, Hirata, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0952, Japan
  • Akifumi Nakata Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University of Science, 15-4-1, Maeda 7-jo, Teine-ku, Hokkaido 006-8585, Japan
  • Keisuke Sato Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University of Science, 15-4-1, Maeda 7-jo, Teine-ku, Hokkaido 006-8585, Japan
  • Yoshihiro Mihara Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University of Science, 15-4-1, Maeda 7-jo, Teine-ku, Hokkaido 006-8585, Japan
  • Akira Takaguri Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University of Science, 15-4-1, Maeda 7-jo, Teine-ku, Hokkaido 006-8585, Japan
  • Ken-ichi Komatsu Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University of Science, 15-4-1, Maeda 7-jo, Teine-ku, Hokkaido 006-8585, Japan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v10i3.674

Abstract

Background:  A dietary supplement developed in Japan, OM-X®, is the result of extended fermentation of dozens of edible vegetables, fruits, seaweeds, mushrooms, and includes 12 strains of Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and Bifidobacterium. The supplements powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties, and regulatory effect on metabolizing liver enzymes have been reported.

Senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30)/Gluconolactonase (GNL) Knockout (KO) mice, which lack the ability to biosynthesize Vitamin C (VC) in the body, were used in this study. The mice exhibited decreased antioxidant capacity in the blood, decreased liver function, and had poor hair growth due to the VC deficiency. The aim of the study was to examine the effects of oral administration of OM-X® on VC deficiency from the viewpoint of comprehensive analysis of liver metabolism.

Methods: SMP30/GNL KO and C57BL/6 (WT) mice were used in this study. The KO mice were divided into the following three groups: VC non-administration (VC minus), VC (0.15 W/V %) administration (VC plus), and no VC plus 0.6% OM-X® administration (OM-X®) groups (n = 6 per group). Mice were kept under experimental conditions until they were euthanized at week 8 (age: 16 weeks old). Body weight and plasma biochemistry levels were measured.. Metabolomic analyses of harvested livers were performed.

Results: In the VC minus group, a significant decrease in body weight and significant changes in plasma biochemistry parameters compared with the WT control or VC plus groups was observed. In the OM-X® group, significant suppression or a suppressive trend was observed compared with the VC minus group. Liver metabolomic analysis showed that total adenylate levels decreased in the VC minus group, whereas OM-X® administration significantly elevated total adenylate levels. In addition, the ratios of Glutathione (GSH)/ Glutathione disulfide (GSSG) and S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)/ S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) and total glutathione levels were all significantly higher in the OM-X® group than in the VC minus group. The glycerol 3-phosphate/ Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and putrescine/spermidine ratios were elevated in the VC minus group, whereas it was significantly lower in the OM-X® group.

Conclusion: The results showed that in SMP30/GNL KO mice, some organ damage may have occurred during VC deficiency, as indicated by weight loss, hepatic injury, and changes in triglyceride-related markers. OM-X® had an effect on energy charge maintenance by elevating total adenylate levels, inducing antioxidant capacity via enhancing glutathione levels, and promoting protein synthesis, including polyamine synthesis. Altogether, the results revealed that OM-X® prevents the adverse biological changes caused by VC deficiency in SMP30/GNL KO mice.

Keywords: OM-X®, SMP30/GNL KO mice, Vitamin C, metabolomic analysis.

Downloads

Published

2020-03-30

Issue

Vol. 10 No. 3 (2020): March 2020

Section

Research Articles

License

Any manuscripts or substantial parts of it, submitted to the journal must not be under consideration by or previously published in any other journal or citable form. Authors are required to ensure that no material submitted as part of a manuscript infringes existing copyrights or the rights of a third party. In submitting one's article in any form, the author has assigned the FFC publishing rights and has agreed to an automatic transfer of the copyright to the publisher. This is so that the FFC may create print option journals, for example, at the FFC’s discretion. If the author wishes to distribute their works by means outside of the FFC, for example within their community, they will have to place a request. 

 

Correspondence concerning articles published in Functional Foods in Health and Disease is encouraged. While derivative works (adaptations, extensions on the current work, etc.) are allowed, distribution of the modified material is not allowed without permission from the FFC.